There are many techniques in bonsai. Not all are for beginners but I thought I would include some in here for the beginners who have already mastered the others and want to get into some advanced states in bonsai.

Defoliation- This is a technique used all around the world usually to etither get better foliage size or it can also be used just to get new more vigurous foliage. The way to do this is to strip the tree of its leaves and only leave the green or red stalks the leaves are attached to. Then after 2 to 4 weeks for the new leaves to sprout. It is ESSENTIAL that you remember the only trees you should do this on are SOME DICIDUOUS!!! These include elm,maple,zelcova,crab apples,and korean hornbeams. If theres another type of tree I didnt include and you want to know if its defoliationable email me.

Reducing leaf size- this is quite easy to reduce the size of leaf on a diciduous species defoliate it once a year for three years. Do this in mid summer. To reduce the leave size on evergreens take off the biggest leaves once a week.

       Jining and creating deadwood- This is another advanced technique and one of the hardest. As you can see on bonsai masterpieces and shows are white dead branches that enhance the age of a bonsai. You might even have seen a part of a bonsais trunk this way this is called a jin or dead wood. Creating these is quite easy when its  small. A tool called a jin plier ( in th photo) can do this in a snap.

Jins should only be done on juniper pines and Ive seen some on olives. They absolutely should not be done on diciduos trees. It would look as though the dicidous tree was sick or dying. The way you anchieve a jin is to pick the branch of course take all the foliage off and cut it down. Then with your jun plier crush the wood you will see that the trees bark will tear off revealing a jin.

  The tool in the picture is a power tool. Its  also used to make jins but in exageration instead of pealing the branch into a jin you power tool it into one. There are many diffrent ways to do this but usually you only use power tools for big jobs, jobs that wouldnt be suited for a jin plier. Or a hollowed trunk.